Mon Jul 13, 2009 10:04 pm
Yes, here is his own report, stating that he is commanding a division:
DECEMBER 7, 1862.--Battle of Prairie Grove, Fayetteville, or Illinois Creek, Ark.
No. 37.--Report of Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke, C. S. Army, commanding Fourth Division, including preliminary skirmishes.
[RIGHT]HDQRS. FOURTH DIVISION, TRANS-MISSISSIPPI ARMY,
Clarksville, Ark., December 16, 1862.[/RIGHT]
COLONEL: I have the honor to report herewith the part taken by my division in the battle of Prairie Grove and the skirmishes preceding.
In obedience to orders received from Major-General Hindman, I moved my division early Wednesday morning, December 3, from Dripping Springs in the direction of the enemy, at Cane Hill, as follows: Carroll's brigade-reduced to about 500 effective men--under the command of Colonel [J. C.] Monroe, on the Line road; Shelby's brigade, under Colonel Shelby--about 1,100 effective men--beyond Oliver's, on the Cove Creek road; [Emmett] MacDonald, with his brigade--about 700 effective men--to Oliver's, on the Wire road, each guarding with strong pickets and scouts all approaches from the northward.
On Thursday, the several brigades moved forward a few miles on the roads named.
On Friday [5th instant], Monroe's command marched across and formed junction with Shelby on the Cove Creek road, some 10 miles above Oliver's. MacDonald pressed forward some 10 miles on the Wire road; Shelby on the Cove Creek road. The two latter brigades engaged the enemy's pickets to-day and drove them back.
Friday night, Shelby's advance met the Federal pickets in strong force near Morrow's.
Early Saturday morning [6th instant], before daylight, he dismounted his brigade, and with skill and vigor rapidly drove them back and beyond the crest of Boston Mountains. The enemy made a stubborn resistance, but were compelled to retire to within 2 miles of their main force. During Friday night, MacDonald's command was withdrawn to form <ar32_147> junction with the main cavalry force on the Cove Creek road, leaving, however, a strong picket (100 men) to watch the Wire road.
On Saturday morning, Shelby, relieved by an infantry command, was withdrawn from the front to cook and rest.
About 2 p.m. Saturday, it being reported that the Federals were retreating from Cane Hill, I received orders from the major-general commanding to press the enemy vigorously on the Cane Hill road, and to move forward rapidly on the Cove Creek road to cut off the enemy's retreat. Monroe moved rapidly forward on the Cane Hill road, engaged, charged, and drove back a superior force of the enemy, and continued to drive them until he received orders from me to cease advancing, to picket, and watch all approaches in that direction.
The conduct of Colonel Monroe, who charged at the head of this brigade, and of the officers and men under his command in this affair, was gallant in the extreme.
Shelby and MacDonald pressed forward on the Cove Creek road until orders were received to halt.
The brigades bivouacked in their present positions until 3 p.m. Sunday morning, when, in obedience to orders, I ordered Monroe to threaten and press the enemy vigorously on the Cane Hill road, while Shelby and MacDonald were moved forward on the Cove Creek road to its intersection with the Fayetteville and Cane Hill road, where the advance of Shelby arrived about daylight. Here I learned that re-enforcements, under General Herron, from Springfield, Mo., were some half mile off in the direction of Fayetteville, moving toward Cane Hill. I ordered Shelby to dismount a part of his brigade, and, with the artillery under Bledsoe, to hold the road--to resist the enemy coming from either direction-and with the remainder of his force to move up the Fayetteville road and attack the re-enforcements. At the same time I ordered MacDonald, with his whole command, to move rapidly and strike the enemy in flank and rear. Promptly, vigorously, skillfully, and successfully were these commands executed. The Federal cavalry were charged and routed wherever found. They fled panic-stricken, and were pursued some 5 miles up to the Federal infantry, formed in line of battle some 5 or 6 miles from Fayetteville.
In the charge some 50 or 60 Federals were killed, about 300 were taken prisoners, among them several officers; a number of horses and cavalry equipments, small-arms, and several wagons loaded with clothing and camp equipage were captured. As soon as the head of the infantry column came up, I ordered the cavalry held in reserve to mount; Colonel [G. W.] Thompson's regiment to march toward Cane Hill to determine the enemy's movements in that direction; the remainder to move in the direction of Fayetteville, to join the main cavalry force, which I had ordered to be reformed after the long and desperate charge and pursuit, and to await further orders. I now received orders from General Hindman in person to move against the Federal re-enforcements. I ordered Shelby's brigade forward. After crossing the Illinois River and advancing about 1½ miles, I found the enemy in position and in force--infantry, artillery, and cavalry. The enemy opened upon Shelby with artillery, and soon began to advance. I ordered him to retire upon the infantry, which I found posted upon a high and commanding hill. Shelby's brigade, after falling back deliberately under fire to the infantry, were dismounted, and, under a murderous fire of shot, shell, and small-arms, fought as infantry during the rest of the battle, gallantly holding the center of the line of battle. As the enemy advanced upon Shelby, I ordered MacDonald to retire around to the foot <ar32_148> of the hill, and watch the movements of the enemy from the north and west. Subsequently, finding the enemy attempting to turn our right flank, I ordered MacDonald to move his command to the extreme right, to dismount his men, and repel any attack in that direction. It was gallantly done.
Monroe, in obedience to orders, attacked the enemy at daylight on Sunday morning, and, by his daring and skill, kept the enemy in the belief, until 10 a.m., that the attack was to be made in that direction. Upon the enemy retreating, he pursued and formed a junction with the main force about sunset on the battle-field. From early morn until night the brave men of my division (on horse and afoot) fought the foe, and were everywhere victorious. The serried columns of Federals again and again came forward to meet their fate--death or defeat. Never did they gain one inch of ground nor even partial success. All orders were promptly and properly obeyed: and the conduct of both officers and men was chivalrous, and deserves the highest commendation. I must specially mention the skill and daring of Colonels Shelby, Monroe, and MacDonald, each commanding brigade. Shelby was wherever duty and danger called him, and rendered most distinguished service.
For a more detailed report of the conduct of the several brigades and regiments and of the brave officers and men under my command, I respectfully refer you to the reports of the brigade commanders, inclosed herewith.
The following officers of my staff were with me during the engagement: Captain [E. G.] Williams, assistant adjutant-general; Captain [Henry] Ewing, inspector-general; Major [R. H.] Smith, division quartermaster; Dr. [C.] Peyton, chief surgeon, and Colonel [A. W.] Slay-back, division ordnance officer. I desire to bring them to your notice for the prompt and perfect execution of all their duties and my orders, their daring and efficiency under every danger. Major Smith and Colonel Slayback were particularly exposed in the discharge of their duties, and participated in the gallant charges and encouraged others to deeds of coolness and courage. I beg also to bring to your favorable notice Mr. C. O. Bell and my two orderlies, Stafford and Cook, who were with me during the engagement.
Very respectfully,
[RIGHT]J. S. MARMADUKE,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.[/RIGHT]
Col. R. C. NEWTON,
Assistant Adjutant-General and Chief of Staff